Congo War Security Review

Data Cutoff: January 14, 2026, at 1 P.M. EST

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Key Takeaway: The Congolese army conducted an airstrike on the M23-controlled Kalundu port in Uvira town in South Kivu. Pro-Congolese government Wazalendo fighters attacked M23 south of Bukavu in northern Walungu district in South Kivu. M23 clashed with Wazalendo fighters in Rutshuru district in North Kivu. M23 repelled a Wazalendo attack on the RP1030 in Masisi district in North Kivu.

Kinetic Activity in M23-Controlled Areas    

M23 clashed with pro-Congolese government Wazalendo fighters in Rutshuru district in North Kivu. The Congolese media outlet Kivu Morning Post reported that M23 clashed with Wazalendo fighters in two villages near Mweso on the RP1030 in the Bwito chiefdom in Rutshuru on January 12 and 13.[i] M23 also clashed with Wazalendo fighters in heavy fighting in three villages, including Bumbasha—about three miles east of Mweso on a local road in Bwito—in counterinsurgency operations on January 12.[ii]

Northern Axis: Lubero-Butembo-Beni-Bunia  

Nothing significant to report.  

Southern Axis: Bukavu-Uvira-Baraka-Kalemie

The Congolese army conducted an airstrike on the M23-controlled Kalundu port in Uvira town in South Kivu. An FARDC attack drone reportedly bombed the Kalundu port in Uvira on January 14.[iii] M23 spokesperson Lawrence Kanyuka accused the FARDC of violating the Qatari-brokered ceasefire in a statement on social media on January 14.[iv] An FARDC spokesperson denied the attack.[v] An attack drone operated from Burundi had conducted a previous air attack on the Kalundu port on December 26.[vi]

Northwest Axis: Masisi-Walikale-Lubutu-Kisangani

M23 repelled a Wazalendo attack on the RP1030 in Masisi district in North Kivu. M23 reportedly repelled the attack in Kalembe village, about 10 miles north of Mweso on the RP1030, on January 13.[vii] Wazalendo fighters have repeatedly attacked M23 in Kalembe and along the RP1030 in attempts to disrupt the rebels’ supply lines and dislodge them from their positions.

M23 clashed with Wazalendo fighters north of the RP1030 in Walikale district in North Kivu. The Congolese media outlet Actualite.cd reported that M23 clashed with Wazalendo fighters in Mulema village in the Kisimba group in Walikale on January 12.[viii] CTP is unable to verify the precise location of Mulema. M23 clashes frequently with Wazalendo fighters for control over areas in Kisimba, which is in a remote area in Walikale about six miles north of Kalembe and 10 miles east of Pinga. Actualite.cd reported separately that Wazalendos then repelled M23 attacks in three villages in Kisimba, including Mpombi—two miles north of Mpeti on the RP1030—on January 13.[ix]

Southwest Axis: Bukavu-Kamituga-Shabunda-Kindu  

Wazalendo fighters attacked M23 south of Bukavu in northern Walungu district in South Kivu. Wazalendo fighters reportedly ambushed an M23 convoy and killed several rebels in Kidodobo, about 10 miles south and north of Bukavu center and Walungu town in northern Walungu, respectively, on January 13.[x] M23 had clashed with Wazalendos in three village groups, including nearby Ikomba village, in northern Walungu on January 4 and 5.[xi]

Major Political Developments  

Nothing significant to report.  

Data Cutoff: January 12, 2026, at 1 P.M. EST

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Read CTP’s latest analysis on the war in the eastern DRC in the weekly Africa File here.    

Key Takeaway: Angola is reportedly trying to facilitate talks among Congolese political elites. DRC President Félix Tshisekedi met with Togolese President Faure Gnassingbé to discuss the eastern DRC conflict. Defense ministries from the Great Lakes region met to further progress on ceasefire efforts in the eastern DRC. The Congolese army repelled an M23 attack south of Uvira town in South Kivu.

Kinetic Activity in M23-Controlled Areas    

Nothing significant to report.  

Northern Axis: Lubero-Butembo-Beni-Bunia  

Nothing significant to report.  

Southern Axis: Bukavu-Uvira-Baraka-Kalemie

The Congolese army (FARDC) repelled an M23 attack south of Uvira town in South Kivu. The FARDC claimed that it repelled an M23 attack in Katongo village on the RN5 in Uvira district on January 10.[i] Katongo is about four miles south of the Kalundu port in Uvira town on the RN5. The FARDC claimed that M23 had reinforced its positions on January 9 before conducting the attack.[ii] The FARDC and pro-Congolese government Wazalendo fighters had recaptured several villages and pushed M23 back toward Katongo on the RN5 in an offensive in late December and early January.[iii]

Wazalendo fighters reportedly attacked M23 north of Uvira town on the RN5. The independent Congolese journalist Daniel Michombero reported on social media on January 10 that Wazalendo fighters ambushed and killed several M23 fighters in Runingu village in the Ruzizi Plain.[iv] Runingu is about 17 miles north of Uvira town on the RN5.

Pro-Congolese government forces reportedly bombed and clashed with M23-aligned fighters in the South Kivu highlands. M23 accused the FARDC of bombing M23-aligned Twirwaneho positions with attack drones in a locality near Minembwe town in Fizi district on January 12.[v] The Congolese media outlet Kivu Morning Post reported that Twirwaneho fighters clashed with pro-Congolese government forces in Abala village—roughly 26 miles east of Minembwe via the RP527 and a local road—in Fizi on January 12.[vi] Twirwaneho had accused the Burundian army (FDNB) on January 8 of deploying additional troops to Bibogobogo and Point Zéro villages east of Minembwe near Abala.[vii] The Burundian media outlet SOS Médias Burundi reported on January 9 that the FDNB deployed a new contingent of troops to this area in Fizi and to Kalemie, the Tanganyika provincial capital, from Burundi between December 29 and January 4 to relieve two isolated FDNB battalions in the highlands and support the FARDC and Wazalendo fighters against M23.[viii]

Northwest Axis: Masisi-Walikale-Lubutu-Kisangani

Wazalendo fighters clashed with M23 south of Masisi town in Masisi district in North Kivu. Wazalendo fighters reportedly attacked two M23 positions near Kazinga village, about 15 miles southwest of Masisi town, on January 11.[ix] The Congolese media outlet Actualite.cd reported that M23 had redeployed troops to Kazinga from Nyabiondo and Masisi towns on January 9.[x] Wazalendo fighters had conducted an offensive and dislodged M23 from several villages in the Katoyi sector, southwest of Kazinga in southern Masisi, in late December.[xi]

Southwest Axis: Bukavu-Kamituga-Shabunda-Kindu  

M23 clashed with Wazalendo fighters in northern Mwenga district in South Kivu. M23 reportedly clashed with Wazalendo fighters in two remote villages in the Irangi group in the Luindi chiefdom in northern Mwenga on January 11.[xii] CTP is unable to verify the precise location of the villages. The Luindi chiefdom is in the Itombwe Mountains and borders the RN5 to the east in northern Mwenga.

Major Political Developments  

Angola is reportedly trying to facilitate talks among Congolese political elites. DRC President Félix Tshisekedi had met with Angolan President João Lourenço to discuss the terms of an Angolan-led dialogue among Tshisekedi and a range of Congolese leaders on January 5 and 8.[xiii] Tshisekedi had dispatched an envoy to meet with Republic of the Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso on December 20.[xiv] French media reported on January 12 that Lourenço hosted former DRC President Joseph Kabila and two of his close associates for talks in Luanda, the Angolan capital, around December 21.[xv] Tshisekedi had made an initial visit to Luanda on December 14, just days after M23 captured Uvira town.[xvi] The French magazine Jeune Afrique reported on January 12 that Lourenço denied Tshisekedi’s request for formal military assistance after the fall of Uvira but did offer political mediation.[xvii] Angola has reportedly already met with several members of the political opposition, including Moïse Katumbi, leader of the Ensemble pour la République.[xviii] Angola invited a delegation of religious officials to Luanda for informal talks on January 14 and is reportedly seeking to host certain opposition leaders in the near future.[xix] Lourenço reportedly invited M23 to Angola.[xx] Representatives from the Angolan government are reportedly expected to visit Kinshasa, the Congolese capital, to “explore intentions, listen to concerns, and assess the conditions” for a potential dialogue soon.[xxi] The Congolese government has officially denied that the Angolan-led initiative is a new peace process, and a source in Tshisekedi’s office told Jeune Afrique that “we are not going to Angola to prepare for a dialogue.”[xxii]

Tshisekedi has set conditions for the dialogue. Tshisekedi said on January 8 that he would respect a ceasefire as called for by Angola if M23 did the same.[xxiii] The M23-aligned journalist Steve Wembi reported on January 12 that the Congolese government is expected to announce a ceasefire at Angola’s request this week.[xxiv] The French investigative outlet Africa Intelligence reported on January 12 that Tshisekedi wants to exclude “armed groups” and some Congolese religious officials in a potential dialogue.[xxv] Corneille Nangaa, M23’s political head, told Lourenço in a January 9 letter that M23 views the initiative as “commendable in principle” but has doubts about the viability of another negotiating track and wants clarification on the purpose and details of the dialogue and its relation to the Qatari-led track.[xxvi] The Angolan foreign ministry said on January 11 that its foreign minister had a recent phone conversation with his Qatari counterpart and Massad Boulos, President Trump’s Africa advisor, regarding peace in the DRC.[xxvii]

Tshisekedi met with Togolese President Faure Gnassingbé to discuss the eastern DRC conflict. Tshisekedi visited Lomé, the Togolese capital, to discuss the security situation in the eastern DRC at Gnassingbé’s request on January 12.[xxviii] Gnassingbé is the designated mediator for the African Union-led peace process between the DRC, Rwanda, and M23. Tshisekedi last met with Gnassingbé in Kinshasa on December 22.[xxix] Togo is expected to host a “high-level” peace conference on the Great Lakes region on January 17.[xxx]

Defense ministries from the Great Lakes met to further progress on ceasefire efforts in the eastern DRC. Zambia hosted defense experts, chiefs of staff, and defense ministers from several member states of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) from January 8 to 10.[xxxi] The summit reportedly focused on security challenges on the regional level, revamping the ICGLR’s Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism (EJVM) for a ceasefire in the eastern DRC, reviewing the terms of the October 14 ceasefire agreement between the DRC and M23, and verifying M23’s withdrawal from Uvira town in South Kivu.[xxxii] French state media reported on January 12 that the representatives made progress on re-establishing the EJVM and approved the principle of a possible deployment of a peacekeeping force to Uvira.[xxxiii]

Data Cutoff: January 9, 2026, at 1 P.M. EST

To receive the Africa File and Congo War Security Review via email, please subscribe here.  

Follow CTP on X, LinkedIn, and BlueSky for daily updates.  

Read CTP’s latest analysis on the war in the eastern DRC in the weekly Africa File here.    

Key Takeaway: DRC President Félix Tshisekedi met with his Angolan counterpart to discuss a possible Congolese political dialogue for the second time this week. Defense ministries are meeting to discuss regional security under the auspices of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR). M23 attacked pro-Congolese government Wazalendo fighters in Walikale district in North Kivu.

Kinetic Activity in M23-Controlled Areas    

Nothing significant to report.  

Northern Axis: Lubero-Butembo-Beni-Bunia  

Nothing significant to report.  

Southern Axis: Bukavu-Uvira-Baraka-Kalemie

Nothing significant to report.  

Northwest Axis: Masisi-Walikale-Lubutu-Kisangani

M23 attacked pro-Congolese government Wazalendo fighters in Walikale district in North Kivu. The Congolese media outlet Actualite.cd reported that M23 bombed Wazalendo positions in Kisimba group in the Katobo forest in Walikale on January 6.[i] The Kisimba group is in a remote area north of the RP1030, roughly ten miles east of Pinga and six miles northeast of Kalembe village on local roads. Actualite.cd reported separately that M23 redeployed additional troops and military equipment to Mpeti—about 12 miles east of Pinga on the RP1030—from Kalembe on January 7.[ii]

Southwest Axis: Bukavu-Kamituga-Shabunda-Kindu  

Nothing significant to report.  

Major Political Developments  

DRC President Félix Tshisekedi met with his Angolan counterpart to discuss a possible Congolese political dialogue for the second time this week. Tshisekedi met with Angolan President João Lourenço in Luanda, the Angolan capital, on January 8.[iii] Tshisekedi had met with Lourenço in Luanda earlier this week, on January 5, where they discussed what Tshisekedi described as Lourenço’s “interesting” proposals for peace in the eastern DRC conflict.[iv] The purpose of the January 8 meeting was to refine the proposals—the granular details of which are not fully clear—and clarify that any new Angolan-led effort does not seek to replace the Washington and Doha processes but “press the conflicting parties to respect their commitments.”[v] Lourenço could reportedly mediate some form of political dialogue in Kinshasa, the Congolese capital, among Tshisekedi and a range of Congolese leaders and actors, including M23, the political opposition, and religious and civil society leaders—the latter of whom would participate but not organize.[vi] French state media reported on January 9 that Tshisekedi and Lourenço did not discuss an inclusive dialogue as demanded by some Congolese elites, however, but Angola has reportedly already contacted some members of the political opposition for a possible dialogue.[vii] Tshisekedi said that he wants M23 to first declare an “immediate and unconditional ceasefire,” which he would reportedly then evaluate.[viii] The M23-aligned Congolese journalist Steve Wembi reported on January 8 that Tshisekedi would commit to release M23 prisoners on a case-by-case basis.[ix] Wembi quoted an M23 source separately who said that an Angolan-mediated dialogue “does not interest us” and that Tshisekedi would have to “publicly proclaim the divorce and the end of Doha” for M23 to participate.[x] Corneille Nangaa, M23’s political head, had accused Tshisekedi of refusing to release M23 prisoners and boycotting two ceasefire evaluation meetings under the Doha process in a speech in late December.[xi]

Defense ministries are meeting to discuss regional security under the auspices of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR). Zambia is hosting defense experts, chiefs of staff, and defense ministers from at least eight of the 12 ICGLR member states in Livingstone, Zambia, between January 8 to 10.[xii] It is unclear whether Rwandan government officials are participating in the summit. The summit is reportedly focusing on security challenges on the regional level, reviewing the terms of the October 14 ceasefire agreement between the DRC and M23, verifying M23’s withdrawal from Uvira town in South Kivu, and revamping the ICGLR’s Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism (EJVM) for a ceasefire in the eastern DRC.[xiii] French state media reported on January 8 that Zambia will play a “key role” in the EJVM’s revamp and that the new head of the mechanism will be a Zambian national.[xiv] Wembi reported in a separate development on January 8 that Tshisekedi’s security advisor, Désiré Eberande, is expected to travel to Tanzania in January to discuss the possible deployment of Tanzanian troops to secure Kalemie, the Tanganyika provincial capital.[xv]