Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, August 3, 2025

Click here to see ISW’s interactive map of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This map is updated daily alongside the static maps present in this report.

Click here to see ISW's interactive map of Ukraine's offensive in Kursk Oblast.

Click here to see ISW’s 3D control of terrain topographic map of Ukraine. Use of a computer (not a mobile device) is strongly recommended for using this data-heavy tool.

Click here to access ISW’s archive of interactive time-lapse maps of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. These maps complement the static control-of-terrain map that ISW produces daily by showing a dynamic frontline. ISW will update this time-lapse map archive monthly.

Note: The data cut-off for this product was 12:15 pm ET on August 3. ISW will cover subsequent reports in the August 4 Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment.

Ukrainian forces struck an oil depot in Krasnodar Krai on August 3.[1] Geolocated imagery shows a fire at the Rosneft Kubannefteprodukt Oil Depot in Adler, Krasnodar Krai.[2] Krasnodar Krai Governor Veniamin Kondratyev acknowledged that a Ukrainian drone strike caused the fire and that the fire engulfed several fuel tanks at the depot.[3] A Ukrainian Telegram channel also published a photo on August 3 purportedly showing an oil refinery on fire in Kstovo, Nizhnyi Novgorod.[4] Nizhnyi Novgorod Oblast Governor claimed that Russian forces repelled a Ukrainian drone strike on the night of August 2 to 3.[5]

Russia is reportedly preparing to expand its use of occupied Ukraine to launch Shahed-type drone strikes against Ukraine. A Ukrainian Telegram channel reported on August 2 that satellite imagery of the airport in northern occupied Donetsk City from July 2025 shows that Russian authorities have partially cleared the fortifications on the runway and started construction work at the parking lots, possibly in preparation for the installation of fuel tanks.[6] Ukrainian open-source intelligence group CyberBoroshno reported that the satellite imagery suggests that Russian occupation authorities are building closed storage areas near the destroyed airport terminal and are preparing manual drone control points, warhead unloading areas, air surveillance posts, and a runway.[7] CyberBoroshno assessed that Russian occupation authorities are developing infrastructure at the airport to launch Shahed-type strike drones, Gerbera-type decoy drones, and possibly Geran (Shahed) jet-powered drones. Long-range drone launch sites closer to the frontline will reduce the reaction time for Ukrainian air defenses. Russian forces have been launching long-range strike drones from occupied Ukraine, and Russia's continued use of occupied Ukraine for such strikes will increasingly threaten Ukraine and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) states if Russia continues to occupy Ukrainian territory.

Russia appears to be trying to better protect its air bases after multiple years of Ukrainian strikes against the Russian rear. Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS) First Deputy Commander-in-Chief Lieutenant General Alexander Maksimtsev claimed in an interview with the Russian Ministry of Defense's (MoD) official newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda on August 1 that Russia is creating a new generation of the Voronezh early-warning radars, which Maksimtsev claimed will not have any blind spots, will guarantee full coverage for all unspecified important assets, and will be able to track ballistic missiles regardless of their flight trajectories.[8] Maksimtsev further claimed that Russian forces are planning to provide all Russian air bases with shelters to protect aircraft.[9] Maksimtsev claimed that Russia has been constructing such shelters at its main air bases for the last two years and is working to expand these shelters to all air bases. The UK MoD published geolocated imagery on July 29 indicating that Russia has launched a program to construct hardened aircraft shelters at air bases close to the Russia-Ukraine border and in occupied Ukraine, including at Millerovo Air Base in Rostov Oblast, Khalino Air Base in Kursk Oblast, and Hvardiiske Air Base in occupied Crimea.[10] ISW reported in mid-July 2025 that recent satellite imagery indicated that Russian forces were constructing hangar-style aircraft shelters at Khalino Air Base and Saky Air Base in occupied Crimea.[11] An open source account on X (formerly Twitter) posted additional satellite imagery from early June 2025 that indicated that Russian forces had started construction of aircraft shelters at 14 military sites, including Millerovo Air Base, Khalino Air Base, and Hvardiiske Air Base, and had likely expanded construction following Ukraine's June 1 Operation Spiderweb deep strikes.[12] Russian milbloggers have repeatedly complained throughout the war about the Russian military's failure to adapt to repeated successful Ukrainian strikes and refusal to construct protective shelters at air bases.[13]

Russian intelligence services appear to be reassessing and possibly innovating their sabotage operations in Europe. The Economist and Bloomberg, citing an upcoming report by the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), recently reported that instances of suspected Russian sabotage attacks and hybrid warfare incidents in Europe sharply escalated to 30 attacks in 2024; IISS also counted 11 suspected Russian-backed hybrid attacks in Europe between January and May 2025.[14] The Economist reported that IISS analysts assessed that the decreasing trend in the number of suspected sabotage attacks in 2025 could be due to the increased NATO presence in the Black Sea, Russia's attempts to posture itself as a good-faith negotiator during peace negotiation with the United States about the war in Ukraine, or concerns that the scale of Russian hybrid attacks in Europe may provoke NATO escalation.[15] US and European officials told Bloomberg that the decreasing trend could be due to Russian President Vladimir Putin’s desire to avoid antagonizing US President Donald Trump at the start of Trump's second term and early peace efforts in Ukraine, the reallocation of Russian General Staff's Main Directorate (GRU) resources to Ukraine, high-profile trials of saboteurs that are deterring future attacks, or the Moscow's attempts to tighten its control over and restrain the local proxies that Russia is using to conduct the attacks.[16] The official sources cautioned that the decreasing trend does not indicate that Russia has stopped its hybrid attacks or will not escalate them in the future, noting that Russian sabotage plots are more frequent in eastern European states than those in western Europe. IISS similarly warned that Russian intelligence services may be refining their tactics and reassessing the criminal networks in Europe with whom they partner, and that Russia may renew its hybrid campaign against Europe in the near future.[17]

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky appointed Lieutenant General Anatoliy Kryvonozhko as the Commander of the Ukrainian Air Force on August 3.[18] Kryvonozhko served as the acting head of the Ukrainian Air Force from August 2024 until he was appointed commander.[19] Zelensky stated that the Ukrainian Air Force is implementing a 20-year development plan to improve Ukrainian aviation.[20]

Key Takeaways:

• Ukrainian forces struck an oil depot in Krasnodar Krai on August 3.
• Russia is reportedly preparing to expand its use of occupied Ukraine to launch Shahed-type drone strikes against Ukraine.
• Russia appears to be trying to better protect its air bases after multiple years of Ukrainian strikes against the Russian rear.
• Russian intelligence services appear to be reassessing and possibly innovating their sabotage operations in Europe.
• Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky appointed Lieutenant General Anatoliy Kryvonozhko as the Commander of the Ukrainian Air Force on August 3.
• Ukrainian forces recently advanced in western Zaporizhia Oblast. Russian forces recently advanced in the Lyman, Pokrovsk, and Novopavlivka directions.

We do not report in detail on Russian war crimes because these activities are well-covered in Western media and do not directly affect the military operations we are assessing and forecasting. We will continue to evaluate and report on the effects of these criminal activities on the Ukrainian military and the Ukrainian population and specifically on combat in Ukrainian urban areas. We utterly condemn Russian violations of the laws of armed conflict and the Geneva Conventions and crimes against humanity even though we do not describe them in these reports.  

• Ukrainian Operations in the Russian Federation
• Russian Supporting Effort – Northern Axis
• Russian Main Effort – Eastern Ukraine (comprised of three subordinate main efforts)
• Russian Subordinate Main Effort #1 – Push Ukrainian forces back from the international border with Belgorod Oblast and approach to within tube artillery range of Kharkiv City
• Russian Subordinate Main Effort #2 – Capture the remainder of Luhansk Oblast and push westward into eastern Kharkiv Oblast and encircle northern Donetsk Oblast
• Russian Subordinate Main Effort #3 – Capture the entirety of Donetsk Oblast, the claimed territory of Russia’s proxies in Donbas, and possibly advance into Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
• Russian Supporting Effort – Southern Axis
• Russian Air, Missile, and Drone Campaign
• Significant Activity in Belarus

Ukrainian Operations in the Russian Federation

Russian forces continued limited offensive operations in Kursk Oblast, including southwest of Glushkovo near Novyi Put, on August 2 and 3 but did not advance.[21]

Russian Supporting Effort – Northern Axis (Russian objective: Create defensible buffer zones in northern Ukraine along the international border and approach to within tube artillery range of Sumy City)

Russian forces continued offensive operations in northern Sumy Oblast on August 3 but did not advance.[22]

Russian forces conducted offensive operations in Sumy Oblast, including north of Sumy City near Novokostyantynivka, on August 2 and 3.[23] A Russian milblogger claimed that Ukrainian forces are counterattacking in unspecified areas in Sumy Oblast.[24]

A Ukrainian reserve officer reported on August 3 that Russian forces are facing unspecified, "serious" difficulties in the Sumy direction, especially near Kindrativka (north of Sumy City).[25] A Russian milblogger claimed that Ukrainian forces maintain positions in most of Kindrativka.[26] A Russian milblogger reportedly affiliated with the Russian Northern Grouping of Forces claimed that Ukrainian forces have blocked Russian ground lines of communication (GLOCs) to Yunakivka (northeast of Sumy City).[27] The milblogger claimed that elements of the Russian 51st Airborne (VDV) Regiment (106th VDV Division) failed to complete their assigned task to seize Sadky (northeast of Sumy City), turned to defensive actions, and are refusing to follow orders.[28] The milblogger denied reports that elements of the Russian 1434th Akhmat-Chechnya Regiment assaulted and cleared positions near Varachyne (northeast of Sumy City), claiming that elements of the regiment did not advance and that all personnel who participated in the attacks were wounded in action (WIA).[29] The milblogger recently complained that elements of the 1434th Akhmat-Chechnya Regiment took up positions near Varachyne (north of Sumy City) but are not attacking out of fear of Ukrainian drones.[30]

Order of Battle: Drone operators of the Russian 155th Naval Infantry Brigade (Pacific Fleet) are reportedly striking Ukrainian positions near Korchakivka (north of Sumy City).[31] Elements of the 40th Naval Infantry Brigade (Pacific Fleet), 810th Naval Infantry Brigade (Black Sea Fleet), and 9th Motorized Rifle Regiment (18th Motorized Rifle Division, 11th Army Corps [AC], Leningrad Military District [LMD]) are reportedly operating near Novokostyantynivka and Kostyantynivka (just east of Novokostyantynivka).[32] Elements of the 177th Naval Infantry Regiment (Caspian Flotilla) are reportedly operating near Andriivka and Oleksiivka (both north of Sumy City).[33] Elements of the 22nd Motorized Rifle Regiment (72nd Motorized Rifle Division, 44th AC, LMD) and 1443rd Motorized Rifle Regiment (formed during the 2022 partial reserve call-up) are reportedly operating near Novomykolaivka (north of Sumy City).[34] Elements of the 83rd Separate VDV Brigade, 11th Separate VDV Brigade, and Chechen Akhmat Spetsnaz Aida Detachment are reportedly operating in the Sumy direction.[35]

Russian Main Effort – Eastern Ukraine

Russian Subordinate Main Effort #1 – Kharkiv Oblast (Russian objective: Push Ukrainian forces back from the international border with Belgorod Oblast and approach to within tube artillery range of Kharkiv City)

Russian forces continued offensive operations in northern Kharkiv Oblast on August 3 but did not make confirmed advances.

Unconfirmed claims: A Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces seized the Hoptivka border crossing (north of Kharkiv City along the international border).[36] Russian milbloggers continued to claim that Russian forces seized the west (right) bank of the Vovcha River in Vovchansk (northeast of Kharkiv City).[37]

Russian forces attacked northeast of Kharkiv City near Vovchansk and Vovchanski Khutory on August 2 and 3.[38]

Order of Battle: Elements of the Russian 128th Motorized Rifle Brigade (44th Army Corps [AC], Leningrad Military District [LMD]) are reportedly operating in Vovchansk.[39]

Neither Ukrainian nor Russian sources reported ground activity in the Velykyi Burluk direction on August 3.

Russian Subordinate Main Effort #2 – Luhansk Oblast (Russian objective: Capture the remainder of Luhansk Oblast and push westward into eastern Kharkiv Oblast and northern Donetsk Oblast)

Russian forces continued offensive operations in the Kupyansk direction on August 3 but did not make confirmed advances.

Unconfirmed claims: A Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces advanced in northern Kupyansk.[40]

Russian forces attacked near Kupyansk itself, northeast of Kupyansk near Krasne Pershe, Fyholivka, and Kamyanka and toward Novovasylivka; north of Kupyansk near Holubivka; and southeast of Kupyansk near Stepova Novoselivka on August 2 and 3.[41]

An officer of a Ukrainian brigade operating in the Kupyansk direction stated that Russian forces are conducting fewer ground assaults and significantly intensifying artillery strikes, possibly in preparation for new assaults or due to Russian exhaustion.[42] The officer noted that Russian assault tactics continue to leverage one to two personnel to infiltrate the Ukrainian near rear before concentrating into groups of five to 10 people to assault Ukrainian positions. The officer stated that Russian forces may be preparing for infantry assaults on Kupyansk itself. The officer stated that Russian forces in the area are a mix of well trained and poorly trained personnel and that Russian drone operators are particularly professional and combat experienced.

Russian forces continued offensive operations northeast of Borova near Zahryzove and Nova Kruhlyakivka and southeast of Borova toward Cherneshchyna on August 2 and 3 but did not advance.[43]

 Russian forces recently advanced in the Lyman direction.

 Assessed Russian advances: Geolocated footage published on August 2 shows elements of the Russian 36th Motorized Rifle Regiment (67th Motorized Rifle Division, 25th Combined Arms Army [CAA], Central Military District [CMD]) raising a Russian flag in southern Torske (east of Lyman), indicating that Russian forces recently advanced in the area.[44]

Unconfirmed claims: Russian milbloggers claimed that Ukrainian forces advanced in central Ridkodub (north of Lyman).[45]

Russian forces attacked northwest of Lyman toward Serednie and Shandryholove, north of Lyman near Karpivka, east of Lyman near Torske, and southeast of Lyman in the Serebryanske forest area on August 2 and 3.[46] Russian milbloggers claimed that Ukrainian forces counterattacked near Ridkodub.[47]

Order of Battle: Elements of the Russian 164th Motorized Rifle Brigade (25th CAA, CMD) are reportedly operating near Torske.[48]

 Russian Subordinate Main Effort #3 – Donetsk Oblast (Russian objective: Capture the entirety of Donetsk Oblast, the claimed territory of Russia’s proxies in Donbas, and possibly advance into Dnipropetrovsk Oblast)

Russian forces attacked near Siversk itself, northeast of Siversk near Serebryanka and Hryhorivka, and southeast of Siversk near Vyimka on August 3 but did not advance.[49]

Russian forces continued offensive operations in the Chasiv Yar direction on August 3 but did not advance.

Russian forces attacked north of Chasiv Yar near Novomarkove and toward Markove and south of Chasiv Yar near Stupochky, Bila Hora, and Oleksandro-Shultyne on August 2 and 3.[50]

The spokesperson of a Ukrainian brigade operating in the Chasiv Yar direction stated on August 2 that Russian forces regularly attack with lightly armored vehicles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), and infantry.[51] The spokesperson reiterated that Russian forces have not entirely seized Chasiv Yar and that Ukrainian interdiction of Russian ground lines of communication (GLOCs) in the Chasiv Yar direction are forcing Russian infantry to deliver ammunition and provisions to frontline positions on foot.

Order of Battle: Drone operators of the Russian 331st Airborne (VDV) Regiment (98th VDV Division) are reportedly operating in Chasiv Yar.[52]

Russian forces continued offensive operations in the Toretsk direction on August 3 but did not advance.

Russian forces conducted offensive operations near Toretsk itself; west of Toretsk near Shcherbynivka; and northwest of Toretsk near Rusyn Yar, Katerynivka, Yablunivka, Oleksandro-Kalynove, Popiv Yar, and Poltavka and toward Ivanopillya and Stepanivka on August 2 and 3.[53]

The commander of a Ukrainian drone battalion operating in the Toretsk direction reported that Russian forces are deploying drones that can loiter for hours near Ukrainian GLOCs before targeting passing vehicles.[54] The commander stated that Russian forces are using nets and corridors to try to protect GLOCs from Ukrainian drone strikes.

Order of Battle: Reconnaissance elements of the Russian 439th Rocket Artillery Brigade (Southern Military District [SMD]) and drone operators of the Berkut Group of the 238th Artillery Brigade (8th Combined Arms Army [CAA], SMD) are reportedly striking Ukrainian forces near Ivanopillya.[55]

 Russian forces recently advanced in the Pokrovsk direction.

 Assessed Russian advances: Geolocated footage published on August 3 shows Russian forces raising a flag in central Novoukrainka (south of Pokrovsk), indicating that Russian forces recently seized the settlement.[56]

Unconfirmed claims: A Russian milblogger claimed that Ukrainian forces pushed Russian forces back in Volodymyrivka (northeast of Pokrovsk).[57] Russian milbloggers claimed that Russian forces seized Troyanda (southwest of Pokrovsk) and advanced toward Bilytske (north of Pokrovsk); between Shakhove (northeast of Pokrovsk) and Nove Shakhove (west of Shakhove); in northeastern Krasnyi Lyman (northeast of Pokrovsk); and near Myrolyubivka (east of Pokrovsk).[58]

Russian forces conducted offensive operations near Pokrovsk itself; north of Pokrovsk near Rodynske and Sukhetske; northeast of Pokrovsk near Mayak, Volodymyrivka, Zapovidne, Novoekonomichne, and Krasnyi Lyman; east of Pokrovsk near Myrolyubivka and Myrnohrad; southeast of Pokrovsk near Lysivka and Sukhyi Yar; south of Pokrovsk near Novoukrainka; and southwest of Pokrovsk near Zvirove, Kotlyne, and Udachne and toward Novopidhorodne and Molodetske on August 2 and 3.[59] A Russian milblogger claimed that Ukrainian forces are counterattacking in Volodymyrivka.[60]

Ukrainian Commander-in-Chief General Oleksandr Syrskyi stated on August 3 that the most difficult situations on the frontline are in the Pokrovsk, Dobropillya (northwest of Pokrovsk), and Novopavlivka directions.[61] Syrskyi noted that Russian sabotage and small infantry groups are trying to enter Pokrovsk. The commander of a drone battalion operating in the Pokrovsk direction stated that Russian forces are advancing in fireteams of two or three personnel and then accumulating forces at a concentration point for further attacks.[62] A Russian milblogger claimed that Ukrainian forces maintain position in northwestern Zapovidne and that Russian forces are trying to advance to Hryshyne (northwest of Pokrovsk) from the Kotlyne-Udachne area to envelop Pokrovsk from the west and northwest.[63] Another Russian milblogger denied claims that Russian forces are operating in Shakhtarskyi Microraion (southern Pokrovsk) and claimed that Ukrainian forces maintain positions in Leontovychi (southwest of Pokrovsk).[64] Another Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces established fire control over a section of the T-0515 Pokrovsk-Bilytske highway.[65]

Russian forces recently advanced in the Novopavlivka direction.

Assessed Russian advances: Geolocated footage published on August 3 indicates that Russian forces recently advanced northeast of Novoukrainka (southeast of Novopavlivka).[66]

Russian forces attacked toward Novopavlivka itself; southeast of Novopavlivka near Zelenyi Kut and Horikhove, south of Novopavlivka near Zaporizhzhia and toward Filiya, and southwest of Novopavlivka near Novokhatske and Tovste on August 2 and 3.[67]

Ukraine's Main Military Intelligence Directorate (GUR) reported on August 3 that Russian forces are taking photos in unseized settlements, including Zelenyi Hai (southwest of Novopavlivka), to falsely report to the Russian command that Russian forces advanced.[68]

Order of Battle: Elements of the Russian 74th Motorized Rifle Brigade (41st CAA, Central Military District [CMD]) are reportedly operating in the Novopavlivka direction.[69]

Russian forces continued offensive operations in the Velykomykhailivka direction on August 3 but did not make confirmed advances.

Unconfirmed claims: A Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces seized Maliivka (southeast of Velykomykhailivka) and advanced toward Andriivka-Klevtsove (northeast of Velykomykhailivka).[70]

Russian forces attacked east of Velykomykhailivka near Voskresenka and Myrne and southeast of Velykomykhailivka near Maliivka on August 2 and 3.[71]

Order of Battle: Elements of the Russian 11th Air Force and Air Defense Army (Russian Aerospace Forces [VKS] and Eastern Military District [EMD]) are reportedly conducting glide bomb strikes against Ukrainian positions near Novoselivka (east of Velykomykhailivka).[72]

Russian Supporting Effort – Southern Axis (Russian objective: Maintain frontline positions, secure rear areas against Ukrainian strikes, and advance within tube artillery range of Zaporizhzhia City)

Russian forces continued offensive operations in eastern Zaporizhia Oblast on August 3 but did not advance.

Russian forces attacked northeast of Hulyaipole near Levadne, Novopil, Temyrivka, and Zelene Pole on August 2 and 3.[73] A Russian source claimed that Ukrainian forces counterattacked near Temyrivka.[74]

Order of Battle: Drone operators of the Russian 14th Spetsnaz Brigade (Russian General Staff's Main Directorate [GRU]) are reportedly striking Ukrainian forces near Novopetrivske, Poltavka (both northeast of Hulyaipole), and Chervone (east of Hulyaipole).[75] Drone operators of the 38th Motorized Rifle Brigade (35th Combined Arms Army [CAA], Eastern Military District [EMD]) are reportedly striking Ukrainian forces near Hulyaipole, Chervone, Malynivka (east of Hulyaipole), and Myrne (southwest of Hulyaipole).[76] Elements of the 305th Artillery Brigade (5th CAA, EMD) are reportedly operating near Olhivske (northeast of Hulyaipole).[77] 

Ukrainian forces recently advanced in western Zaporizhia Oblast.

Assessed Ukrainian advances: Geolocated footage published on August 2 indicates that Ukrainian forces recently advanced in southern Plavni (west of Orikhiv).[78]

Unconfirmed claims: A Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces advanced in Plavni and southern Stepnohirsk (northeast of Plavni).[79] A Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces recently seized Plavni and Kamyanske (southwest of Plavni).[80] Another Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces maintain positions on the outskirts of Stepnohirsk, although Ukrainian forces are operating in Plavni and near Kamyanske.[81]

Russian forces attacked southwest of Orikhiv near Kamyanske on August 2 and 3.[82] Russian milbloggers claimed that Ukrainian forces counterattacked near Kamyanske, Plavni, and Stepnohirsk.[83]

Ukrainian Southern Defense Forces Spokesperson Colonel Vladyslav Voloshyn reported that Russian forces have not completely seized Kamyanske and that Ukrainian forces maintain positions on the outskirts of the settlement.[84]

Order of Battle: Elements of the Russian 108th Airborne (VDV) Regiment (7th VDV Division) and 70th Motorized Rifle Regiment (42nd Motorized Rifle Division, 58th CAA, Southern Military District [SMD]) are reportedly operating near Kamyanske.[85]

Russian forces continued limited attacks in the Kherson direction and conducted repeat strikes against a bridge in Kherson City that killed a civilian on August 3.

Russian forces attacked near the Antonivskyi Bridge (northeast of Kherson City) on August 2 and 3.[86]

Voloshyn stated that Russian forces are relying on well-trained, professional sabotage and reconnaissance groups to advance on the islands of the Dnipro River Delta.[87]

Ukrainian and Russian sources reported that Russian forces conducted glide bomb strikes on August 3 against a road bridge connecting Korabel Microraion (southwestern Kherson City) to the rest of the city, following similar strikes against the bridge on August 2.[88] Voloshyn stated on August 3 that Ukrainian authorities are conducting an investigation to identify the type of munitions that Russian forces used in the bridge strikes and that no Russian forces are crossing the Dnipro River toward Kherson City.[89] Voloshyn noted that Russian forces struck a civilian target and that there are no military facilities in the area. The Ukrainian Kherson Oblast Prosecutor's Office reported that a civilian died during the August 3 Russian strikes against the bridge.[90]

Russian Air, Missile, and Drone Campaign (Russian Objective: Target Ukrainian military and civilian infrastructure in the rear and on the frontline)

Russian forces conducted a series of drone and missile strikes against Ukraine on the night of August 2 to 3. The Ukrainian Air Force reported that Russian forces launched one Iskander-M ballistic missile from Bryansk Oblast, five S-300/400 air defense missiles from Kursk Oblast, and one Kh-22 cruise missile from the airspace over the Black Sea.[91] The Ukrainian Air Force reported that Russian forces also launched 76 Shahed-type and decoy drones from the directions of Kursk City; Shatalovo, Smolensk Oblast; and Millerovo, Rostov Oblast. The Ukrainian Air Force reported that Ukrainian forces downed 60 drones and the Iskander-M ballistic missile. The Ukrainian Air Force reported that six missiles and 16 drones struck eight locations in Ukraine and that drone debris struck two locations. Ukrainian media and officials reported that an unspecified Russian missile also struck a residential area in Mykolaiv City on the evening of August 2, damaging infrastructure and injuring at least seven people.[92]

Significant activity in Belarus (Russian efforts to increase its military presence in Belarus and further integrate Belarus into Russian-favorable frameworks)

Nothing significant to report.

Note: ISW does not receive any classified material from any source, uses only publicly available information, and draws extensively on Russian, Ukrainian, and Western reporting and social media as well as commercially available satellite imagery and other geospatial data as the basis for these reports. References to all sources used are provided in the endnotes of each update.